Checkered White Background from Robert Somes

New Jersey Zoologist (& Stockton grad) Robert Somes has sent in some interesting background about checkered whites:

Checkered white is kind of a peculiar species in NJ with a Threatened Status. Up until the last two years it was restricted to a small colony at Newark Airport. Then a report came in of some sightings around Pedricktown (several different fields and roadsides around town, mainly fields near Railroad Ave. and Freed Road) two years ago with plenty of photos to back it up.

There were as many as forty in one field that was fallow that year. Last year the main field was cultivated and numbers were down to five or six observed at scattered locations. It seemed to be a colonization of suitable habitat that moved from one suitable patch to another, but what was left in my mind was where had they come from in the first place?

I am just guessing there were other colonies around down there, and now there are reports coming in to you.

This is great news, and I am planning on heading down south on Friday (Aug 3) to have a look. Feel free to share this with your blog and if anyone wants to take a look around Pedricktown it would be cool to see what is out there this year. There are also a good number of bronze coppers that have turned up around Pedricktown and one of the photos I was sent was of both a bronze copper and a checkered white on the same set of flowers. That’s a one-in-a-million-shot there. Take care and thanks for the information.

Robert Somes
Senior Zoologist
NJ Division of Fish and Wildlife
Endangered and Nongame Species Program
1 Eldridge Road
Robbinsville, NJ 08691

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Salem Co Calling All Butterflyers!

The next generation emerging: a checkered white caterpillar, photo’d by Dave Amadio in Salem County, 7-28-12.

Have you been pulling out your maps to calculate the drive time to Featherbed Lane and environs?

Dave Amadio reports on his day in the field yesterday (7-28-12):

Just had to go down there again. Found a total of 36 checkered whites (23 males & 13 females ) at 5 separate locations. Was able to photograph a mating pair (both checkereds this time), a female laying eggs (picture also shows an egg), and two caterpillars on Virginia peppergrass.

Also, I was reading the comments of David L. Wagner in his caterpillar book [Caterpillars of Eastern North America]. He mentions that the parasitic wasp (Cotesia glomerata ) brought in to control cabbage whites has eliminated mustard whites from much of New England. He also asks the question “Might Cotesia glomerata or other introduced biological control agents be responsible” for the decline in checkered whites?

At any rate it is great to see this thriving (for now) colony in Salem County!

Dave

Female checkered white ovipositing, egg just visible, photo by Dave Amadio in Salem County, 7-28-12.

Checkered whites are not the only rarity in flight at the moment in Salem. Sandra Keller found and photo’d the meadow fritillary below, our 86th species in South Jersey for 2012.

Rev up your engines!

Meadow fritillary photo’d by Sandra Keller in Salem County, 7-27-12.

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Checkered White Outbreak!

A female checkered white found and photo’d by Sandra Keller in Salem County, 7-27-12.

Sandra Keller and Chip Krilowicz added significantly to our checkered white numbers yesterday (7-27-12) with more than thirty individuals counted in a close cluster of places in Salem County — some at the spots Dave Amadio found them and others elsewhere.

Chip had seven in total:

One on Pointers Auburn Road
Two on Featherbed Lane
Four in Pedricktown Woodstown Rd, south of 295

Sandra’s totals as she noted in our log:

Seven along Featherbed Lane west.
Five along Pointer’s Auburn.
Two along Featherbed Lane east.
Two along Kings Highway.
Six along the north end of Compromise Rd.
Four along another road that has no name in my DeLorme.

Dave Amadio also photo’d checkered whites mating:

Checkered whites in tandem, photo by Dave Amadio 7-27-12

All of this is very exciting to think about!

Meanwhile, a North Jersey butterflyer has been checking out the colony site at the Newark Airport, where the species was last seen in August 2008 (at least as reported to the Pearly Eye compilers).

This info will be updated if other notes come in.

jc

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Checkered White: FO5Y!

A female checkered white found and photo’d by Dave Amadio ovipositing (on what seems to be Lepidium virginicum) in Salem County, 7-25-12.

We have reached that time in the butterflying season when it’s hard to find a species new for our log for the year. Just about all the expected butterflies have already been recorded, as well as a number of unexpected ones. In fact, it’s been three weeks since we added a FOY for 2012 (C. Allen’s dion skipper on 7-5-12).

Well, how about a First Of Five Years?

We have never had a South Jersey report for checkered white in our log’s five-year history, and it’s one of NJ’s rarest butterflies. Apparently, the most recent report from anywhere in the state is of three individuals at the Newark Airport on August 8, 2008 (Michael Gochfeld, noted in the 2008 Pearly Eye).

So, Dave Amadio scored a big check for our list when he photo’d the female above ovipositing on what he notes seems to be one of its host plants, Lepidium virginicum, Virginia peppergrass.

But he also found seven individuals in total — at two different sites! Two were at Pointers-Auburn Rd (Rt 646) and Rt 40; five were along Featherbed Lane & Sharptown-Auburn Rd. Both sites are in Salem County.

In their Butterflies Of New Jersey (1997) Gochfeld & Burger describe the species’ status, “Highly localized with very few recent records.” They note a record reported by Pat Sutton at Higbee Beach in 1989 “but no regular colonies known from southern New Jersey. Last documented colony in Ocean County in 1964 at Lakehurst (D. Schweitzer).”

They add later in their account, “This species appears to have undergone a dramatic decline in the past century, particularly in the past 50 years over a large part of its range in the southeastern United States.”

Cech & Tudor in Butterflies of the East Coast (2005) note that checkered white seems an “irruptive colonist.” Although a southern species, it “forms sizeable, temporary colonies that occasionally reach Canada, and which can endure for several years (providing winters remain mild). To our knowledge, however, checkered whites are seldom regularly common anywhere in the East.”

Could Dave’s find of seven individuals be a hint of a colony in existence this year in Salem County?

I asked Pat Sutton for details about her sighting listed above and she responded with a very helpful compilation of the five records she knows from Cape May County from the last twenty years or so. She also explained that she and David Wright used “R” for Rare rather than “Stray” in their most recent Checklist of the Butterflies of Cape May County because the species seems “not that migratory.” At one point it had been so long since a sighting that David Wright proposed changing the status to “H” for “Historic Records only.” But the species has been seen in the County five times since 1989, as Pat notes here:

CHECKERED WHITE

In the 1970’s it was still found in the Pine Barrens. It was resident in Cape May County at least until the 1930’s, and our recent sightings prove that it still is. David Wright has not seen one here in more than 20 years. Dale Schweitzer has not seen since 1964. Last record for Camden was 1967, 1970. Last record for Lakehurst was late 1970’s.

9/20/89: 1st modern day record – Clay & I had one in the Hidden Valley field on New England Road. This was the only modern day record at that time.

5-26-00: 2nd modern day record – Clay Sutton & Louise Zemaitis found a female laying eggs on Virginia Peppergrass (Lepidium virginicum), at the Rea Farm parking area (Shawneen Finnegan video’d it).

9-19-02: 3rd modern day record – a male found by Pat Sutton while leading a CMBO Butterfly Walk in Cape May Point at Pavilion Circle Gardens.

9-21-02: 4th modern day record – Pete Bacinski & a group found one at Hidden Valley.

10-27-02: – 5th modern day record – two found at Higbee Beach in 3rd field (not sure who found them; info from my old “Natural History Hotline”).

Cheers,
Pat

Thanks to Pat for passing along all that info and thanks to Dave for sharing his photos.

Here’s hoping some of the rest of us get a chance in the next week or so to get out to Salem County and see if we can see this rarity as well. Or maybe someone can spot another at some other site?!

jc

Female checkered white, photo by Dave Amadio 7-25-12.

Posted in Looking At Our Data, Pierids | 3 Comments

The Boomer Generations

Dion skipper, photo’d by Mike Crewe at Cape May Point State Park on 7-19-12.

At least two local butterflies are having an especially good July: dion skipper and eastern tiger swallowtail.

As noted a couple of posts ago, dion has not been an easy find in our first four years of logging. Last year’s total of 10 reports and an estimated 50 individuals for the year was by far our best count, 2008-2011.

But this year, at least in Cape May County, the species seems to be turning up everywhere you might hope for it — and some others as well. As of July 20 we have 21 reports of the species and an estimated total of 190 individuals. One evening this week one of them showed up at Pat and Clay Sutton’s garden, making it the newest addition to their all-time yard list (which now stands at a mind-boggling 77 species).

Dion skipper, photo’d by Pat Sutton, nectaring in her garden in Goshen, 7-19-12.

On July 14th at a bog near the Tuckahoe River Brian Johnson and Will Kerling found 117 dions!

As Will reported on our log,

“They were courting and egg-laying in a huge sedge environment which we didn’t cover entirely. Everywhere we checked in the appropriate habitat [dions were] there and easy to track because they were so involved in their activity!”

One challenge for our group now is to see where else the species can be found this year. So far, all but two of the reports have come from Cape May County — and the only others are from Atlantic County near the Cape May Co border. Can we find dions elsewhere? How about within New Jersey Pine Barrens areas, such as Parker Preserve where we had four mid-August reports in 2009?

Female tiger swallowtail, photo’d by Will Kerling in Swainton, 7-15-12.

The recent boom of the tiger has been more subtle, but several of our observers have remarked on it.

Until July 1 or so, Papilio glaucus, was less common than in either of the past two years (only 60 total reports for April-June, 2012 vs. 154 reports in the same period in 2011 and 192 in that period in 2010). But then came the boom: we have had more reports of the species in the first twenty days of July (93) than we had had all year to June 30.

It’s hard to know what to make of it, or even if it means anything at all, but 93 reports from the 1st to the 20th of July is higher than the reports for the same period in the past two years, when the species seemed to be prospering. In 2010 we had 75 reports for the species in that period and in 2011 only 36. So, despite a slow start, perhaps the species is headed for a good year in 2012, in the long run.

These year-to-year differences might reflect natural fluctuations caused by multiple variables that we cannot pinpoint, but it will be interesting to see how the rest of the year plays out. Our total reports for tiger swallowtails all year in 2011 was 273; in 2010 we had 579 reports, our best year so far for the species.

As of July 20th, our total for tigers in 2012 is 153.

Keep watching, everyone!

jc

A dark form female eastern tiger swallowtail, photo’d by Will Kerling at the Cape May Historical Museum, 7-13-12.

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Looking Beyond The Leps (Updated)

Do you know this creature, photo’d by Chip Krilowicz on July 16?

As of 7/20/12, I am updating this post, thanks to comments and photos from Sam Galick and Mike Crewe.

I first posted that:

Odonate expert (and regular contributor to our log), Chip Krilowicz reports on an intriguing find he made on a wall along the Maurice River in Cumberland County on July 16th. It’s neither a lep nor an ode…though it seems a little of both.

“Here is a bug that has a dragonfly body with butterfly antenna. Four-spotted owlfly, Ululodes quadripunctatus [seems] the best fit. Note odes is part of the Latin name. This is a southern species.”

For more on U. quadripunctatus, go to the Bug Guide link here (click under “Data” to see BG’s range map of submitted records for the species, which shows none for New Jersey):

Bug Guide images for four-spotted owlfly

That is some find, Chip! Congratulations!

jc

Soon after Sam Galick sent along the photo and the note below:

Another four-spotted owlfly, photo’d by Sam Galick at his moth lights in Cape May, 7-5-12.

Sam also reported:

I’ve been doing a lot of mothing lately, and these owl flies come to my backlight regularly. Every night I get about five or six of them, so large that when I first came across them I thought I had attracted a dragon. These photos are from the 5th of this month, and I’m pretty sure I had these a couple of days before this. If anyone wants to see these hybrid-looking dragon/robber flies in their backyard I suggest using a backlight! Works every time for me.

Next, Mike Crewe sent me this very informative info and link to his blog (with more photos):

Owlflies (Ascalaphids) are related to the ant-lions, which are probably better-known to most folks for their larvae which construct pit-fall traps in sandy soil to catch ground-living insects. In New Jersey we have two species of owlfly in the genus Ululodes: U. quadripunctatus and U. macleayana (which we might call four-spotted owlfly and Macleay’s owlfly respectively). These two species can be told apart by the color of the pterostigma, the pale spot at the front edge and towards the outer tip of the forewing. In four-spotted it is white, in Macleay’s it is dark.

Owlfly larvae look similar to those of ant-lions, but they roam freely in the leaf litter and don’t build pit-fall traps. The most bizarre thing about Ululodes owlflies are the divided eyes – I have shown this in a recent Cape May Bird Observatory Blog at:

Cape May Bird Observatory blog about owlflies

Thanks to Sam and Mike for adding their experiences and expertise to the discussion!

All of the above will help the rest of us tune into these intriguing animals.

Keep watching, everyone. Who knows what creatures you might come upon?

jc

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Dion Skipper: Here Now & Too-Soon-Gone?

Female dion skipper in Cape May Courthouse, 7-5-12, found and photo’d by Cynthia Allen.

Cynthia Allen and her garden brought us our first dion skipper of the year the other day, our 84th species for the year and a new one for Cynthia’s ever-increasing garden list (dion was #62 on her list, following oak hairstreak, #61).

It is listed as “locally common” on the Cape May Butterfly Checklist, but it’s been a challenging species for most of us to find in the years of our log, and one that it’s probably best to chase right now, if you can.

In 2008 all our contributors combined managed only three reports, and a total of four individuals, all within ten days, from July 15 to July 25.

In 2009 we had only four reports, all from Parker Preserve in Burlington County, in a fourteen-day period, August 3 to August 17. (Could this have been evidence of the disjunct Pine Barrens population suggested by Jeff Glassberg in his 1993 edition of Butterflies Through Binoculars? In any case, we had no reports that year from any other counties.)

In 2010 we totaled only three reports and four individuals, from June 27 to July 17, all from Cape May and Atlantic Counties.

Last year we had our best results so far for the species: ten reports and a total of about fifty individuals. Again, however, all came from Atlantic and Cape May Counties, and the flight period was apparently short, just the two weeks from July 6 to July 19.

Dion is a wetland species with “various” sedges and rushes listed as its hosts. Cynthia speculates her female reached her from “the wet woods south of me on Hand Ave which is preserved as part of the Cape May National Wildlife Reserve.”

Can we match last year’s record total for this easily-missed species (or maybe even surpass that count)? And how many counties can record it this year? Can we find it again in Parker or some other Pine Barrens area?

Keep exploring, everyone!

Dorsal view of same female dion skipper, 7-5-12, photo by Cynthia Allen.

7-11-12 Update

Is Cape May Courthouse our new hot spot for dions? Will Kerling followed up Cynthia Allen’s dion with one of his own at the Cape May County Historical Museum on Rt 9 on 7-11-12. It’s another female, but this spot is miles from Cynthia’s garden.

A different female dion, photo’d by Will Kerling, 7-11-12.

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In the Cool of the Night

All photos here are by Pat Sutton.

Pat & Clay Sutton regularly hang “gooey” fruit in a dish in their backyard in Goshen (Cape May Co) to attract both butterflies and moths — and the last week has brought a bonanza. Pat reports red admirals, question marks, eastern comma, tawny emperor, little wood-satyr, common wood-nymph, and twenty-three (!) red-spotted purples coming to it by day.

And check out this amazing selection of nocturnal visitors:

A mix of white-specks (Mythimna unipuncta), at least two species of underwings (Catolaca, sp), and other species, identified by Pat, Tony Leukering, and Mike Crewe.

Ultronia underwing, Catocala ultronia.

Nessus sphinx moth, Amphion floridensis.

If you are up for the mind-boggling challenge of moth ID (with eight to ten times the diversity of butterflies), some helpful sources include:

*** A new field guide, published just this April, The Peterson Field Guide to Moths of Northeastern North America by David Beadle and Searooke Leckie, featuring 1500 species in natural resting poses (not spread specimens) with seasonality and range maps for most, as they are currently understood.

*** Tony Leukering’s new blog, The Moths of Cape May County with lots of photos and sketches of the species currently on the wing.

*** The Moth Photographers Group, a site hosted by the Mississippi Entomological Museum at Mississippi State University, with a wealth of photographs, range maps, and other info.

*** An upcoming local celebration of National Moth Week, organized by Jamie Cromartie at Stockton College and Parker Preserve, details here.

*** And another local celebration of the Week, organized by Shawn Wainwright at Cattus Island, details here.

The diversity of nocturnal lepidoptera might be intimidating, but especially with the current heat wave under way, you have to admit chasing moths could be a lot cooler than chasing butterflies, literally, if not figuratively.

jc

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June Compilation, 2012

Rare skipper on the Belleplain NABA count, 6-22-12, photo’d by Pat Sutton, one of 15 reports of the species in June.

Thirty-four observers contributed a total of 1844 reports in June, and we found 69 species during the month, well up from 59 species for June last year and 56 in June 2010. Now halfway through the calendar year, we have recorded 83 species in NJ’s southern counties.

Eighteen species were new for the year in June:

bog copper, 6-3-12
coral hairstreak, 6-3-12
Edward’s hairstreak, 6-16-12
banded hairstreak, 6-5-12
striped hairstreak, 6-2-12
oak hairstreak, 6-1-12
hackberry, 6-22-12
tawny emperor, 6-23-12
Georgia satyr, 6-28-12

clouded skipper, 6-18-12
European skipper, 6-3-12
fiery skipper, 6-30-12
dotted skipper, 6-10-12
northern broken-dash, 6-10-12
rare skipper, 6-19-12
mulberry wing, 6-16-12
broad-winged skipper, 6-4-12
two-spotted skipper, 6-9-12

Painted lady photo’d by Will Kerling in Cape May Co. We had 28 reports of the species during the month, the most by far of any month so far this year.

Five of June’s eighteen new species were Satyrium hairstreaks, including coral hairstreak, here photo’d on the Atlantic Avenue powerline in Pomona (Atlantic Co) on 6-24-12.

This tawny emperor photo’d by Pat Sutton in her garden (Cape May Co) on 6-23-12 is the only individual of its species reported so far this year.

Pipevine swallowtail caterpillar, photo’d by Pat Sutton in her garden, 6-27-12.

Which species remain to be found in 2012?

Our total for the year for the southern eight counties is generally in the low 90s, so we have reached the point when few expected species remain to be found for the year, and none is a “gimme.” Dion skipper may be the most likely species that we can add to our list in July, followed by bronze copper. Both are habitat-limited, however, and require luck and persistence. Finding either makes a red-letter day. Two fritillaries — meadow fritillary and great spangled fritillary — are even more challenging (although we found both in July last year). Looking ahead to August, we can hope for some autumn strays from the south, but again none is certain — sleepy orange? Ocola skipper? long-tailed skipper? giant swallowtail? something even more off-the-wall?? We can also hope a contributing observer or two can track down Leonard’s skipper this year, perhaps our area’s most troubled resident butterfly.

Complete June Spreadsheet

As an experiment, I am adding a pdf of the complete June spreadsheet at the link below. It is 41 pages long and you will need to hit the + sign to enlarge for easy viewing, but it is sorted by taxonomic sequence and date (yellow = first sighting of the month; green = new species for the year) and you can do your own analysis of all sightings and see all observers’ notes (except for a handful that were too long to fit the page).

If folks find this useful, I will try to add complete monthly spreadsheets in the future. Let me know.

The spreadsheet for June 2012 is here.

Contributors in June 2012:

Cynthia Allen, Dave Amadio, Karl Anderson, Sylvia Armstrong, Jesse Connor, Jack Connor, Mike Crewe, Rhea Doherty, Jim Dowdell, Vince Elia, Sam Galick, Jean Gutsmuth, Chris Herz, Brian Johnson, Sandra Keller, Will Kerling, Tiffany Kersten, Chip Krilowicz, Tedi Marville, Stephen Mason, Josh Nemeth, Bridget O’Connor, Mike Russell, Barb Sendelbach, Mark Sendelbach, Bill Schuhl, Jim Springer, Clay Sutton, Pat Sutton, Chris Tonkinson, Shawn Wainwright, Paula Williams, Chris Williams, and Harry Zirlin.

Thanks to each of you.

Keep exploring and reporting!
jc

Fiery skipper is our most recently-added species for the year, with this one on the Galloway NABA count (Atlantic Co) and another male on the Avalon Golf Links (Cape May Co), both on 6-30-12. What will July bring?

Posted in First Emergences, Looking At Our Data | Comments Off on June Compilation, 2012

A Little Yellow Invasion Year?

Little yellow found and photo’d by Will Kerling in Cape May Courthouse on 6-25-12.

The South Jersey status of Eurema lisa, the little yellow, seems something of a puzzle. Gochfeld & Burger note in their Butterflies Of New Jersey (1997) that it was apparently far more numerous a century ago than it is today. The authors cite the comments of the Rutgers entomologist Joseph Smith who noted in 1910 that “There is no time during the summer when it is not likely to be met along the shore.”

Today, any butterflyer meeting the species along the shore (or anywhere else in the state) will be at least happily surprised, if not jumping-up-and-down-thrilled. We have recorded the species only during one of our four previous years of logging — 2010. Between July 22 and October 31 that year we had 53 reports, totaling approximately 857 individuals, but 44 of those reports and 830 of the individuals came from Cape May County. We had just two reports from Burlington, two from Gloucester, and five from Cumberland, totaling 27 individuals. So, even in the best year we have had so far, the species was no easy find north of the Cape May peninsula. In fact, that doesn’t quite tell the story either, as many reports came from below the Cape May Canal at the southernmost tip of the state — from the State Park and elsewhere around the Point.

Could we be in for a different kind of event this year? We’ve had only three reports so far — May 6 (Tar Kiln Pond, Cape May Co, Michael O’Brien), June 11 (Hickman Ave, Cumberland County, Brian Johnson), and June 25 (photos above and below, Cape May Courthouse, Will Kerling) — but each of those is weeks earlier than our earliest report from 2010. That seems a good sign.

And three reports certainly beats zero reports from 2008, 2009, and 2011.

Here’s hoping that 2012 is a year when this lovely sulphur meets all of us along the shore somewhere!

jc

Another view of the little yellow above, photo by Will Kerling, 6-25-12.

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